Comparative morphological study of the structure of the human pineal gland in cases of mechanic asphyxia from hanging and acute pulmonary insufficien

In group 1(sudden death): Length - 8,84+_0,16 mm; width - 6,46+_0,11 mm; weight - 135,18+_5,73 mg; density - 3,47+_0,23 kg/m . In group 2 (death in hospital): Length - 8,11+_0,1mm; width – 6,08+_0,08 mm; weight -138,28+_3,76 mg; density-36+_0,15 kg/m. The difference in values between two groups are unsignificant. There wasn’t a significant difference in the frequency of such indices as: the presence of unformed pseudoportions, gliosis, fibrosis of the capsulae, acervulus and cystes. The partial formed pseudoportions have a higher frequency in group 1 (33,33%) in comparison with group 2 (17,19%), but good formed pseudoportions are more frequent in group 2 (40,63%) than in group 1 (22,22%). The differences are unsignificant. Therefore for the group of SD - cases a typical feature is lower morphological maturity of the structure of gl. pineale. In the light part of the twenty-four-hour period the deaths were more frequent in SD-group (58,06%) and the difference is statistical significant. The frequency in the dark part in two groups is similar and the difference is unreliable.

The length of the HPG in the two groups was in the range 8.87 ± 1.31(I group) and 7.71±1.28 (II group). The width varied between 6.51± 0.86(I group) and 5.67±0.89 (II group) with statistically insignificant differences. The HPG in the cases who died from MAH were significantly heavier (168.15±42.15mg) as compared to the HPG of the patients who died from API(111.67±42.94). The density of the HPG in the cases of API (4.76±1.76 kg/m3) was significantly higher as compared to the cases of MAH (2.6±1.77 kg/m3). In the cases of МАH there was well manifested oedema which spread over in different level to the parenchime, the stroma and the capsulae of the gland. In the cases of API as compared to the MAH cyanosis was less manifested and oedema spread mainly to the perivascular area of the itersticium and in a lower level to the parenchime of the lоbule. In the histological analysis of the main structural components of the HPG it was found that the described changes

The following criteria for the diagnosis TMN are proposed: Traumatic changes, concretely chest trauma. Lack of obturation of coronary vessels of any character, and heavy changes of the intimae of the coronary vessels.Multi focused character of the myocardial necroses and Centro lobular necrosis of the liver. Traumatic – chest and abdominal trauma, multi focused traumatic necrosis of the myocardium without disease changes in the coronary arteries. Rupture of the myocardium in the area of the necrosis with consecutive tamponada. Other conditions accompaning the trauma: pulmonary thromboembolism, cell embolism in the lung’s vessels, Centro lobular necrosis of the liver, and visceral cyanosis. Background conditions: morphological signs for hypertonic disease, chronic bronchitis. The following criteria for the diagnosis TMN are proposed: Traumatic changes, concretely chest trauma. Lack of obturation of coronary vessels of any character, and heavy changes of the intimae of the coronary vessels. Multi focused character of the myocardial necroses and Centro lobular necrosis of the liver.

Sudden death in babies is unclear yet. In this study we presented 10 sudden death cases in babies from 20 days to one year age. The autopsies were routinely performed and the microscopic slides were stained with HE. The microscopical examination revealed: microhaemorrhages in alveoles and interstitium, congestion, oedema, pulmonary emphysema, atelectases, haemosiderin-laden macrophages, bronchitis, catharral desquamating pneumonia or catharralhaemorragic pneumonia). There was a cystic transformation in thymic gland, diminished number of Hassall’l corpuscles and in one case – a lot of Hassall’s corpuscles, but with cystic degeneration and associated phagocytosis by macrophages (“scarry-sky” spaces) - a mark for acute or accidental involution. One baby showed a third type of thymic hyperplasia with prominent cortical zone (this type is a common feature for sudden respiratory death).

The frequency of accumulation of РС is 72,22% and is significantly higher as compared with data from the literature. No gender and age determination was found in the accumulation of РС. The presence of РС is accompanied by an decrease frequency of poorly defined pseudolobs with width (6,53±0,55 mm.) and weight (157,7±24,23 mg.) with no change in the length (8,9±0,77 mm.) and the density of PG(2,93±0,96 kg/m3). The frequency of poorly defined pseudolobs in PG without РС reaches up to 57,14%, while in the pineal glands with РС is significantly lower – 37,37%.

The haemorrhages which we observed were in total 16 (3,7% of the cases). Their distribution by place of localization was as follow: 7 (43,75%) in the capsulae, 7 (43,75%) in the stroma and most uncommon 2 (12,5%) in the parenchyma.The age range of the cases was quite broad from 0 till 78 years. The observed haemorrhages of the pineal capsulae were among cases of the same age range. It is a little bit narrowed for the haemorrahes in the stroma (28-78 )and most narrowed for the haemorrhages in the parenchima (51-78). The main causes of death in the cases with pineal haemorrhages are cardiovascular diseases in 7 cases (43,75%), followed by injuries in 5 cases(31,25%) and bacterial infections – 4 cases(25%).

Nonsymptomatic nontumor cysts (NNC) of the pineal gland (PG) are considered as normal structures.The aim of the present study is to evaluate the frequency of NNC in random postmortem examinations and their influence upon surrounding parenchyma. The frequency of NNC is 18.81% (17.80% in men, 21.42% in women). There isn't significant difference between genders in all age groups. The mean weight of PG with and without NNC is 175.41±49.37mg and 126.45±18.69 mg respectively. The analysis of PG dimensions reveals: mean length 9.80±1.75 mm versus 8.18±0.11mm and mean width 6.95±1.24 versus 6.13±0.59 mm in NNC versus cases without NNC. No significant difference is established for PG density (3.34±2.26 versus 3.30±1.08 kg/m3). PG parenchyma around NNC doesn't reveal particular changes.

Исследуя научное наследство проф. Докова(1920-1988), мы установили, что тема о репродуктивной патологии занимает первое место реди всех разрабатываемых тем. Эта тема появляется в первом периоде и становится доминантной во втором периоде творчества ученого, причиной II и III пика его публикационной активности. Анализ публикаций по теме на базе выявленых сатей в Internet показал некоторые интересные тенденции. Это является причиной, на большем количестве материала разширить и углубить начетое нами исследование.

Тема:” Репродукция человека и животных.” Отмечена в 15 научных работ проф.В.К. Докова и занимает 44,12% из всех статей(n=34) выявеленых в Internet специализированой поисковой системой медицинских данных Pub Med. Статьи опубликованы в журналах 6 стран – Бельгии-4(26,66%), Западной Германии-4(26,66%), Болгарии-3(20%), США-2(13,34%),Франции-1(6,66%) и Чехословакии-1(6,66%). Статьи написаны на 4 языках разпределенных как следует: Английский – 5(33,33%), французкий 5(33,33%), немецкий 4(26,66%) и болгарский 1(6,66%). Чаще всего изследуемый автор занимал первое место в авторском колективе-9(60%), значительно реже второе 4(26,66%) и совсем эпизодично третье место-2(13,34%). Авторские колективы численостю от 2 до 4 человек разпределены неровномерно. Чаще всго опубликованые работы продукт трехчленных -7(46,66%) и двухчленных колективов-6(40%). Изредка наблюдаем колективы из 4 авторов-2(13,34%). Анализируемые нами научные работы есть результатом творчества болгарских -10(77,77%) и бельгийско-болгарских -5(33,33%) научных колективов.

Проф. д-р Виктор Крумов Доков(16.10.1920-25.06.1988) один из ведущих болгарских и европейских специалистов по гистологии середины и конца ХХ века. Целью нашей работы является восполнить существующий пробел и систематизировать отрывочные данные в материалы для биографии. Проф. д-р В. К. Доков, родился в г. Варна семье Крума Димитрова Докова – основателя и первого окружного инспектора труда, Окружной инспекции труда в Варне. Среднее образование получил в г.Софии во Французском Католическом Коллеже в 1939 г, а высшее медицинское в Медицинском факультете Университета “ Св. Климент Охридски “ г. София в 1945 году. Участник II Мировой войны, офицер запаса. В периоде 1945 – 1947 работал участковым врачом в селе Домлян, Карловского уезда, назначен на должность ассистента при Кафедре гистология и эмбриологии в – Высшем Медицинском Институте в Софии где проработал с 1947 по 1952 г. С 1952 по 1962 занимает должность научного сотрудника в институте морфологии в Болгарской Академии Наук, В 1962 г. хабилитировался как старший научный сотрудник в Институте биологии и патологии размножения при Академии Сельскохозяйственных наук где занимает эту должность до 1972 года. С 1972 по 1974 год. работает в должности доцента и Руководителя Кафедры гистологии и эмбриологии, в Высшем Медицинском Институте в Варне, а в периоде 1974 – 1986 год. после защиты хабилитационной работы назначен профессором при Кафедре Анатомии, Гистологии и Эмбриологии, ВМИ - Варна

In group 1(sudden death): Length - 8,84+_0,16 mm; width - 6,46+_0,11 mm; weight - 135,18+_5,73 mg; density - 3,47+_0,23 kg/m . In group 2 (death in hospital): Length - 8,11+_0,1mm; width – 6,08+_0,08 mm; weight -138,28+_3,76 mg; density-36+_0,15 kg/m. The difference in values between two groups are unsignificant. There wasn’t a significant difference in the frequency of such indices as: the presence of unformed pseudoportions, gliosis, fibrosis of the capsulae, acervulus and cystes. The partial formed pseudoportions have a higher frequency in group 1 (33,33%) in comparison with group 2 (17,19%), but good formed pseudoportions are more frequent in group 2 (40,63%) than in group 1 (22,22%). The differences are unsignificant. Therefore for the group of SD - cases a typical feature is lower morphological maturity of the structure of gl. pineale. In the light part of the twenty-four-hour period the deaths were more frequent in SD-group (58,06%) and the difference is statistical significant. The frequency in the dark part in two groups is similar and the difference is unreliable.

The length of the HPG in the two groups was in the range 8.87 ± 1.31(I group) and 7.71±1.28 (II group). The width varied between 6.51± 0.86(I group) and 5.67±0.89 (II group) with statistically insignificant differences. The HPG in the cases who died from MAH were significantly heavier (168.15±42.15mg) as compared to the HPG of the patients who died from API(111.67±42.94). The density of the HPG in the cases of API (4.76±1.76 kg/m3) was significantly higher as compared to the cases of MAH (2.6±1.77 kg/m3). In the cases of МАH there was well manifested oedema which spread over in different level to the parenchime, the stroma and the capsulae of the gland. In the cases of API as compared to the MAH cyanosis was less manifested and oedema spread mainly to the perivascular area of the itersticium and in a lower level to the parenchime of the lоbule. In the histological analysis of the main structural components of the HPG it was found that the described changes

The following criteria for the diagnosis TMN are proposed: Traumatic changes, concretely chest trauma. Lack of obturation of coronary vessels of any character, and heavy changes of the intimae of the coronary vessels.Multi focused character of the myocardial necroses and Centro lobular necrosis of the liver. Traumatic – chest and abdominal trauma, multi focused traumatic necrosis of the myocardium without disease changes in the coronary arteries. Rupture of the myocardium in the area of the necrosis with consecutive tamponada. Other conditions accompaning the trauma: pulmonary thromboembolism, cell embolism in the lung’s vessels, Centro lobular necrosis of the liver, and visceral cyanosis. Background conditions: morphological signs for hypertonic disease, chronic bronchitis. The following criteria for the diagnosis TMN are proposed: Traumatic changes, concretely chest trauma. Lack of obturation of coronary vessels of any character, and heavy changes of the intimae of the coronary vessels. Multi focused character of the myocardial necroses and Centro lobular necrosis of the liver.

Sudden death in babies is unclear yet. In this study we presented 10 sudden death cases in babies from 20 days to one year age. The autopsies were routinely performed and the microscopic slides were stained with HE. The microscopical examination revealed: microhaemorrhages in alveoles and interstitium, congestion, oedema, pulmonary emphysema, atelectases, haemosiderin-laden macrophages, bronchitis, catharral desquamating pneumonia or catharralhaemorragic pneumonia). There was a cystic transformation in thymic gland, diminished number of Hassall’l corpuscles and in one case – a lot of Hassall’s corpuscles, but with cystic degeneration and associated phagocytosis by macrophages (“scarry-sky” spaces) - a mark for acute or accidental involution. One baby showed a third type of thymic hyperplasia with prominent cortical zone (this type is a common feature for sudden respiratory death).